Ibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezokuxhumana kanye nokukhiqizwa kwefiber optical.
Ulimi
Ibhizinisi lobuchwepheshe obuphezulu eligxile ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezokuxhumana kanye nokukhiqizwa kwefiber optical.
Ingqalasizinda yekhompyutha ihlanganisa nengqalasizinda ehlobene. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ubuchwepheshe ezikhungweni zedatha, amanethiwekhi, nokuphepha. Izikhungo zedatha ziyizinsiza ezibalulekile ezihlinzeka ngezinsizakusebenza zekhompuyutha ezimaphakathi nezindawo zokugcina zezinhlelo ze-AI. Kudingeka babe nekhono eliphumelelayo lokuphatha isikhungo sedatha nokuyilungisa. Ubuchwepheshe benethiwekhi ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa idatha kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye, futhi budinga ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza nokuvikeleka kwenethiwekhi. Ubuchwepheshe bezokuphepha ubuchwepheshe bokuvikela idatha nezinhlelo, futhi budinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha ngeke iputshuzwe noma ihlaselwe. Ingqalasizinda yekhompyutha iyinkundla ehlukahlukene futhi enezici eziningi, futhi ukuthuthukiswa nokwakhiwa kwayo kudinga ukubambisana nokusekelwa yizo zonke izinhlangothi.
Imakethe yekhompiyutha esatshalaliswa ye-AI ibandakanya ikakhulukazi izingxenye ezintathu: ama-computing chips (55-75%), inkumbulo (10-20%), kanye nemishini yenethiwekhi (10-20%). Ama-computing chips, aziwa nangokuthi ama-computing chips noma amayunithi okucubungula, ama-chips aklanyelwe ukwenza imisebenzi yekhompyutha. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-chips enhloso evamile okuvamile, ama-computing chips alungiselelwa imisebenzi ethile yekhompuyutha futhi aba nokusebenza kahle kwekhompuyutha okuphakeme nokusebenzisa amandla aphansi. Ama-chips ekhompuyutha anenhlobonhlobo yezinhlelo zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, ikhompuyutha yamafu, i-inthanethi Yezinto, idatha enkulu, neminye imikhakha. Ama-chips e-AI abuye abizwe ngokuthi ama-accelerator e-AI noma amakhadi ekhompyutha, okungamamojula anikezelwe ukusheshisa inani elikhulu lemisebenzi yekhompyutha ezinhlelweni ze-AI (eminye imisebenzi engeyona eyekhompyutha isaphathwa yi-CPU). Ngokombono wezakhiwo zobuchwepheshe, ama-chips ekhompuyutha ahlukaniswe ikakhulukazi izigaba ezintathu: i-GPU, i-FPGA, ne-ASIC. Izindlela zobuchwepheshe ezingathengiswa ngezinga elikhulu futhi ziyinkundla yempi eyinhloko yama-chips e-AI. I-GPU iyichip yobuhlakani bokwenziwa yenhloso evamile evuthiwe, kuyilapho i-FPGA ne-ASIC kungama-chips enziwe ngokwezifiso futhi enziwe ngokwezifiso ngokugcwele ezicini zezidingo zobuhlakani bokwenziwa. I-GPU iyi-chip elungiselelwe imisebenzi yekhompuyutha efana nokunikezwa kwezithombe nokufunda okujulile, enezinzuzo zokuhambisana okuphezulu nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu. I-GPU umqondo owaphakanyiswa okokuqala yi-NVIDIA ngenkathi ikhipha i-chip ye-NVIDIA GeForce 256 yokucubungula izithombe ngo-Agasti 1999. Ngaphambi kwalokho, isibonisi se-chip esicubungula ukuphuma kwesithombe kukhompuyutha yayingavamile ukuthathwa njengeyunithi yekhompyutha ezimele.
Imisebenzi yama-chips e-FPGA ayilungiswa ngemva kokwakhiwa. Abasebenzisi bangamisa imisebenzi yama-chips e-FPGA ngokwezidingo zabo zangempela nge-software ezinikele ye-EDA ehlinzekwa yinkampani ye-chip ye-FPGA, ngaleyo ndlela iguqule ama-chips e-FPGA angenalutho abe ama-circuits ahlanganisiwe anemisebenzi ethile.
Ama-memory chips asetshenziswa kakhulu. Amaseva, omakhalekhukhwini, ama-PC neminye imikhiqizo emikhulu yabathengi konke kunesidingo sama-memory chips, futhi usayizi wemakethe uwonke mkhulu. Uchungechunge lwezimboni lwama-memory chips luhlanganisa abahlinzeki bempahla eluhlaza, abakhiqizi, abakhiqizi abahlanganisayo nabahlolayo, abakhiqizi bemikhiqizo nabathengi bokugcina. Abahlinzeki bezinto ezingavuthiwe banesibopho esikhulu sokuhlinzeka ngezinto eziyisisekelo njengama-silicon wafers namakhemikhali. Abakhiqizi bama-memory chip ikakhulukazi banesibopho sokuklama, ukukhiqiza nokupakisha nokuhlola ama-memory chips. Ama-memory chips ajwayelekile afaka i-DRAM, i-NAND flash memory chips kanye ne-NOR flash memory chips.
Emkhakheni weseva, ingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningi ngokuya ngezimo ezihlukene zokusetshenziswa, njengamaseva okugcina, amaseva amafu, amaseva e-AI, namaseva asemaphethelweni.
Phakathi kwazo, amaseva e-AI angamaseva aklanyelwe futhi alungiselelwe ngokukhethekile izinhlelo zokusebenza zobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Banikeza amandla ekhompuyutha anamandla, isitoreji, namandla okucubungula idatha ukuze kuthuthukiswe, ukuqeqeshwa, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Okuphezulu kochungechunge lwemboni yeseva ye-AI ikakhulukazi yizinto ezingavuthiwe, njenge-CPU, i-GPU, inkumbulo, i-hard disk, isilawuli se-RAID, kanye nokunikezwa kwamandla; i-midstream yimboni yeseva ngokwayo; amaqembu amakhasimende angezansi ahlanganisa abahlinzeki besevisi yefu ye-inthanethi, abaqhubi bezingcingo, abahlinzeki besevisi be-IDC benkampani yangaphandle, iminyango kahulumeni, nezinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhizinisi. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zamaseva e-AI zifaka i-GPU (iphrosesa yehluzo), i-DRAM (inkumbulo yokufinyelela engahleliwe), i-SSD (i-solid state drive) nekhadi le-RAID, i-CPU (iyunithi yokucubungula emaphakathi), ikhadi lenethiwekhi, i-PCB, i-chip ye-high-speed interconnect (in-board) kanye nemojula yokukhipha ukushisa.
